Which type of evidence is based on what the handler actually observed?

Direct evidence is defined as information that directly supports the truth of an assertion without the need for any inference or presumption. It is based on firsthand observations made by the handler. This type of evidence provides clear and unequivocal proof of a fact, such as a witness seeing a crime occur or an individual documenting an event as it unfolds.

In forensic investigations and legal contexts, direct evidence is critical because it typically carries a higher probative value compared to other evidence types. Since it relies solely on the observer's knowledge and experiences at the moment, it helps to establish a more immediate and convincing connection to the matter at hand.

Circumstantial evidence, on the other hand, relies on indirect evidence that requires reasoning to connect it to a conclusion. Digital evidence encompasses information stored or transmitted in digital form, while testimonial evidence involves the statements made by witnesses, which may include direct or indirect observations. However, testimonial evidence does not inherently indicate the handler's observations as clearly as direct evidence does.