Which technique combines differential analysis and linear analysis in cryptography?

The technique that combines differential analysis and linear analysis in cryptography is differential linear cryptanalysis. This method takes advantage of both the differential and linear approximations to analyze the structure and weaknesses of cryptographic algorithms, particularly block ciphers.

In differential analysis, the focus is on how the difference in input values can affect the difference in output values, helping to identify patterns and vulnerabilities in the encryption process. Meanwhile, linear analysis concentrates on finding linear relationships between input bits and output bits, allowing for a more comprehensive examination of the cipher's security.

By merging these two approaches, differential linear cryptanalysis offers a more powerful tool for cryptanalysts to break encryption schemes that might resist attacks when analyzed separately. This combination enhances the ability to pinpoint weaknesses in cryptographic systems, making it a crucial aspect of advanced cryptographic analysis.

In contrast, linear cryptanalysis and differential analysis are standalone techniques that do not utilize this integrative approach. Statistical analysis and cryptographic hashing pertain to different concepts and practices within the field of cryptography, focusing either on general data analysis techniques or on creating fixed-size hash representations of data, rather than specifically analyzing ciphers through the combined lens of differential and linear frameworks.