Which file systems are used by Windows?

The correct answer encompasses the file systems that are officially recognized and used by Windows operating systems. FAT (File Allocation Table) is one of the earliest file systems and, despite being outdated, is still supported for compatibility with older systems and devices. exFAT (Extended File Allocation Table) is used for flash drives and external drives, allowing for files larger than 4 GB. ReFS (Resilient File System) is designed to handle large data sets with improved integrity and data recovery features, particularly in server environments. NTFS (New Technology File System) is the primary file system used by Windows for its extensive feature set, which includes support for security permissions, encryption, and large storage capacities.

The combination of these file systems in the correct answer reflects a broad range of functionality that Windows provides to accommodate different storage needs and compatibility requirements across various versions of the operating system. Other options list file systems that are either not used by Windows or belong to different operating systems, which highlights the focus in the correct answer on the systems that are fundamentally associated with Windows environments.