What technique does Analytic Cryptanalysis use to break encryption?

Analytic Cryptanalysis primarily relies on the use of algorithms and mathematical techniques to deduce the key used in encryption. This form of cryptanalysis examines the structure and patterns within the encryption scheme, utilizing sophisticated mathematical models to unveil relationships that can lead to the discovery of the encryption key. By applying algorithms that may exploit weaknesses in the encryption process, a cryptanalyst can systematically work towards recovering the key without needing to resort to brute-force methods.

The other techniques mentioned may play roles in different types of cryptanalysis but are not the core focus of analytic cryptanalysis. For instance, while statistical characteristics of languages can provide insights in certain analyses, it is less about the application of broader algorithms and more about leveraging the inherent properties of language used in the plaintext. Similarly, analyzing differences in plaintexts is more aligned with differential cryptanalysis, while pattern recognition is often crucial in more general cryptographic attacks or in deciphering straightforward ciphers, but does not encapsulate the analytical and algorithmic foundation of analytic cryptanalysis.