What is the output size for SHA-512?

SHA-512 is a cryptographic hash function that is part of the SHA-2 family. Its primary characteristic is that it produces a fixed-size output regardless of the size of the input data. Specifically, SHA-512 outputs a hash that is 512 bits long. This makes it suitable for applications that require a high degree of security in terms of collision resistance and pre-image resistance.

The significance of this output size is that it provides a larger hash space compared to smaller output sizes like 128-bit, 160-bit, and 256-bit associated with other hash functions such as MD5 and SHA-1. The larger bit length of SHA-512 enhances its resilience against brute-force attacks, making it a better choice for securing sensitive data.

Thus, the correct answer reflects the specific output size of SHA-512, confirming its position as one of the stronger hash functions available in cryptographic applications.